(1)人称代词作主语用主格股票配资知识联系方式，作宾语、表语用宾格。
(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其顺序排列原则：
在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
(3)物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。名词性物主代词可作主语或宾语。
1．(2021·浙江卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order．
2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves(they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest．
展开剩余95%3．(2019·北京卷)Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．
it, that, one的区别
it
意为“它”，替代上文提到的同一事物，不能带任何修饰语
that
意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词。指代单数可数名词时相当于the one，其复数是those，相当于the ones
one
意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”，其复数是ones
—There is still a copy of the book in the library．Will you go and borrow it?
—No, I'd rather buy onein the bookstore．
——图书馆还有一本这样的书。你去把它借来好吗？
——不，我宁愿到书店里买一本。
The climate ofGuangzhouis much better than that of Xi'an．
广州的气候比西安的好多了。
1．Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap itcan be to eat out．
2．However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using itevery day．
3．In many ways, the education system in theUSis not very different from that in the UK．
no one, nobody, none, nothing的区别
1．no one, nobody表示“没有人，谁也不”，只指人，作主语时，后跟动词单数形式，常可用来回答who引起的问句。
—Who can answer the question?
—No one．/Nobody．
——谁能回答这个问题？
——没人。
Charles was alone at home, with no one looking after him．
查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。
2．none表示“没人，没有任何东西”，既可指人，也可指物。none后可接of短语，常用来回答how many/much引起的问句。
—How many of you have seen the film?
—None(of us)．
——你们中有多少人看过这部电影？
——一个也没有。
3．nothing意为“没有东西”，一般回答what引起的问句。
—What's in the cave?
—Nothing．
——洞里有什么？
——没什么。
both, all, neither, none, either, any的区别
both(两者)者
all(三者或三者以上)都
either(两者中)任何一者
any(三者或三者以上)任何一者
neither(两者)都不
none(三者或三者以上)都不
There are shops on eitherside of the street．
街道的每一边都有一些商店。
Because Henry and Mark had to work, neither of them came yesterday．
因为Henry和Mark要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。
one, another, the other, some, others, the others的区别
单数
one
一个
another
另外一个
the other
两者中的另一个
复数
some
一些
others
另一些
the others
剩余的一些
Please give me anotherten minutes．
请再给我十分钟。
One was happy but the other was disappointed．
一个感到开心，另一个却感到失望。
1．He wants me to lend him some money, but I have none at hand．
他想要我借些钱给他，但我现在手头上一点也没有。
2．There are two apples on the plate, but neither of them is fresh．
盘子里有两个苹果，但没有一个是新鲜的。
介词(短语)
介词
1．表示时间和方位的介词
类别
介词
用法
表示时间
at, in，
on
①at表示时间点；②in表示时间段，与表示较长一段时间的词搭配；③on 表示在特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、具体的某一天或某些节日；也可表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上
in, after
两者后均可接时间段，表示“在……之后”，但“in＋时间段”常与将来时连用，“after＋时间段”常与过去时连用
for,
since，
from
①“for＋时间段”表示某种行为或状态持续了一段时间；②“since＋时间点”强调自过去某时延续至今的一段时间；③“from＋时间点”表示行为或状态的起始点
before,
by
before与by都可表示“在……之前”，但 by 表示“不迟于某时”，包括某时在内
表示方位
on,
above，
over
①on指在某物的表面上，其反义词是beneath；②above指离开物体表面而在其上方，不一定是垂直向上，其反义词是below；③over指离开物体表面而在其正上方，其反义词是under, over 还可以表示“越过……”
across,
through,
past,
over，
along，
by，
beside
①across指从一平面上“横穿”或“在……对面”；②through指从人群或物体内部“穿过，贯穿”；③past 表示动态的动作发生在某人/某物的旁边；④over表示从上方越过；⑤along表示“沿着”；⑥by与beside 均表示“在……旁边”，by含有“倚，凭靠”的意思，beside指两者位置关系
at, in，
on
①at后接较小的地方或门牌号码；②in后接较大的地方；③on一般指与面或线接触
in, on,
to, off
①in 表示在某一范围之内；②on 表示与某一地区“毗邻，接壤”；③to表示在某范围之外；④off 表示“(时空上)离，距”
2．其他介词
介词
用法
against
反对，违背，与……相反；触；碰撞；紧靠，倚靠；与……竞争，对阵；以……为背景
at
①用在表示某地点、场合、方位等的名词前；
②用在表示时刻、钟点、期间、……岁、时节等的名词前；
③以，按(价格、速度、数量等)；
④朝、向、对着某人/某物的方向
beyond
(指程度)深于；(指范围)超出；(指可能性、理解力、能力等)非……可及；(时间)晚于
by
(时间)不迟于，在……之前；常用于结构“by＋the＋单数名词”，表示“按……计算”；(表示程度、数量)相差；经过，经由；通过(某种方法、手段)
for
(表示目的或功能)为了；(表示对象或用途)给，对；(表示原因)因为，由于；(表示时间、距离、数量)达，计；支持，赞成；至于，关于，就……而言；(表示去向)往，向；(表示陈述或问题的对象)对于
in
(表示地点、场所、位置等)在……里面；在……内；(表示时间)在……期间；在(一段时间)以内；(表示某人或某物的状态、情况)处于……中；关于；在……方面
on
(表示接触或由某一表面支撑着)在……上；(表示时间)在……时候；关于，有关；借助于，通过……，以……方式
with
和……一起，和，同，跟；(伴)随着；具有，带有；由于，因为；(表示方式)用
1．(2021·全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)．
2．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist on earth, Mother Nature．
3．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)When I studied chemistry in/at high school, I reconsidered my goal and decided to be a doctor．
介词短语
1．at＋名词
at a loss 不知所措
at dinner 在吃晚餐
at peace 处于和平状态
at dawn 在黎明
at war 在战争中
at work 在工作
2．by＋名词
by accident 偶然地
by chance 偶然地
by force 用暴力
by hand 手工地
by mistake 错误地
by the month 按月算
3．beyond＋名词
beyond comparison 无与伦比
beyond control 失控
beyond description 难以描述
beyond doubt 毋庸置疑
beyond expression 难以表达
beyond (one's) reach 够不到
4．in＋名词
in bed 在床上
in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债
in difficulty 处境困难
in high spirits 情绪高昂
in need 在危难中；在穷困中的
in order 整齐；井然有序
in surprise 吃惊地
in trouble 在困难中
in use 使用中
5．on＋名词
on a trip 在旅行
on business 在出差
on display/show 在展出
on duty 在值班
on holiday/vacation 在度假
on sale 在出售
on strike 在罢工
on the way 在途中
6．其他高频介词短语
against time 争分夺秒
at the sight of 一看到……
at the age of 在……岁时
in (the) face of 面对；面临
in addition (to) 另外；除了
in case of 万一
in charge of 负责；主管
in favour of 赞成；支持
in need of 需要
in no time 立刻
in a hurry 匆忙
in preparation for 为……做准备
in return for 作为回报
of help/use 有帮助的/有用的
of importance 重要的
on behalf of 代表
1．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home．
2．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on stove．I waited patiently until the oil was hot．
3．It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle the road．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s．
2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements．
3．(2020·浙江卷)Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived in, through agriculture．
4．(2020·浙江卷)This aging of the population is driven by two factors．
5．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Modern methods of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s ．．．
6．(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact．
Ⅱ．语法填空
On February 1, 2022, over a billion people in China and millions around the world will celebrate the Chinese New Year, or the Spring Festival．The ancient tradition, 1 date is determined by the lunar calendar and falls somewhere between January 21 and February 20 each year, is the 2 (long) and most important of all Chinese festivals．
The preparations will 3 (official) begin with Little New Year on January 25, 2022．It is observed with a day of memorial ceremonies．Other Little New Year activities include cleaning the house 4 (sweep) away bad luck and hanging spring couplets — red decorations hung in pairs — for wealth．Since red 5 (believe) to keep misfortune and evil spirits away, it can be noticed in everything from clothing to 6 (lantern) used to decorate houses．
Often 7 (consider) the most important meal of the year, the reunion dinner is both delicious and rooted in Chinese tradition． 8 whole chicken symbolizes family togetherness, while long uncut noodles show longevity (长寿)．Wealth is represented by dumplings and spring rolls．Children receive red envelopes filled 9 money and
inspiring messages from elders and are often allowed to stay up late to watch the 10 (amaze) fireworks shows．
The twoweek long celebrations will end on February 15 — the day of the full moon—with the Lantern Festival．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统节日——春节的相关内容。
1．whose 考查定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，后作定语，应用whose引导。
2．longest 考查形容词的最高级。空前的the和空后的most important都暗示了应用形容词的最高级。
3．officially 考查副词。修饰动词用副词officially (正式地)。
4．to sweep 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
5．is believed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数，故填is believed。
6．lanterns 考查名词的单复数。lantern (灯笼)为可数名词，其前无限定词，应使用复数形式。
7．considered 考查非谓语动词。the reunion dinner和consider之间是被动关系，故填considered。
8．A 考查冠词。chicken是可数名词，泛指“一只整鸡”，whole以辅音音素开头，位于句首，首字母需大写，故填A。
9．with 考查介词。装满钱的信封，应用be filled with (充满……)。
10．amazing 考查词形转换。令人惊叹的烟花展示应用形容词amazing。
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